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In addition to reducing carbon dioxide (CO2) emission, the high oil recovery efficiency achieved by CO2 injection processes makes CO2 injection a desirable enhance oil recovery (EOR) technique. Minimum miscibility pressure (MMP) is an important parameter in successful designation of any miscible gas injection process such as CO2 flooding; therefore, its accurate determination is of great importance...
Back-propagation (BP) neural network models were developed to accurately predict the ignition temperature and activation energy of 16 typical Chinese coals and 48 of their blends. Pearson correlation analysis showed that ignition temperature and activation energy were most relevant to the moisture, volatile matter, fixed carbon, calorific value and oxygen of coals. Accordingly, three-layer BP neural...
Oxidation of NO by ozone in the presence of TiO2 catalyst was studied at varying NO inlet concentrations, gas flow rates and reactor temperatures. Ozone produced by a coaxial DBD reactor was mixed with N2 diluted NO and directed to a reaction chamber. The experiments were carried out with and without the presence of TiO2 catalyst. The inlet concentration of NO was varied between 200 and 800ppm and...
Attempts have been made to obtain a substitute for blast furnace (BF) coke from a Victorian brown coal mixed with a tar derived from brown coal under conditions sufficiently mild to be economical. Changes to the procedure used in a previous attempt include hot briquetting of the coal–tar mixture at 150°C rather than ambient, the addition of air curing at 200°C and carbonization at higher temperature,...
A novel protocol has been explored for fast and energy-efficient biodiesel production from waste mustard oil (WMO) using infrared radiated reactor in presence of heterogeneous Amberlyst 15 catalyst. High biodiesel yield (FAME content 97.13%) was obtained from WMO via simultaneous esterification–transesterification reactions in only 0.5h using an energy-efficient, far infrared radiation (FIR) at the...
Oligomeric oxymethylene dimethyl ethers (OMDMEs, CH3O–(CH2O)n–CH3) are promising diesel fuel additives, which can reduce soot formation as well as NOx emissions. Due to the poor availability of high purity OMDMEs a comprehensive characterization of diesel standards was not feasible until now. Two types of oxymethylene dialkylethers (OMDMEs and oxymethylene diethyl ethers, OMDEEs) were synthesized,...
Understanding gas transport and storage processes is essential for analysis of reservoir accumulation mechanisms and evaluation of a shale formation. Because organic matter such as kerogen is widely distributed in shale, it plays an important role in gas diffusion and adsorption. Although many mathematical models considering gas diffusion and adsorption have been proposed and evaluated, very few models...
The SARA (saturates, aromatics, resins, and asphaltenes) separation and quantification have been widely used for characterizing the composition of crude oil and bitumen. The saturate hydrocarbons are the most valuable fraction of the oil industry and contain vital geochemical information for determining the origin and formation of petroleum fluids and for assessing the hydrocarbon potential and sedimentary...
Shaerhu subbituminous coal (SSBC) and Mengdong lignite (ML) were extracted with petroleum ether under ultrasonication at room temperature to obtain ESSBC and EML, respectively. The extracts were analyzed with a gas chromatograph/mass spectrometer and a positive-ion electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer to characterize biomarkers and oxygen-containing species...
The regeneration performance of spent catalyst after mercury removal as well as the involved reaction mechanism was investigated. The effects of restoration with or without O2 and/or HCl, O2 and HCl concentration, regeneration temperature, and heating rate on regeneration performance were studied, respectively. The results suggested that two steps were essential in the regeneration process: (1) releasing...
Micro-algal bio-fuel is the most potential alternative of fossil fuel. There is not any commercially feasible algal-fuel technology available till now. Therefore, to make algal bio-fuel commercial, cumulating cheap raw materials and compelling down streaming of product with consummate utilization of biomass ought have to be applied. Coupling utilization of waste-water and flue gasses to algal development...
The dynamics of fluids and their interaction with surfaces in Unconventional Gas Reservoirs (UGRs) are very different from those in conventional systems. The physics of flow through the matrices of these reservoirs are not well understood. The small size of flow conduits which is comparable to the gas mean free path results in a deviation from Darcy to slip, transition and free molecular flow regimes...
The aim of this paper is to numerically investigate the effects of CO2 dilution on the operation of an industrial micro gas turbine combustor in order to assess the possible application of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) for post-combustion CO2 capture. A complete 3D model of the combustion chamber has been developed, taking into account the conjugate heat transfer (CHT) and radiation effects, and...
Hard coal is one of the main fossil fuels used to produce electricity in the world. Its combustion in power plants is associated with emissions of gas and dust pollutants. The article presents results of eco-efficiency assessment, life cycle assessment (LCA) and life cycle costing (LCC) of underground coal gasification (UCG) with the shaftless method and sensitivity analysis of eco-efficiency of electricity...
Extractive and oxidative desulfurization of fuel oil using ionic liquids (ILs) as solvents have been intensively studied recently. In such processes, the mutual solubility of ILs and fuel oil is still a major concern. Less mutual solubility is desired to reduce the loss of ILs and the contamination of fuel oil. To screen the ideal ILs with less mutual solubility with fuel oil and to understand the...
The extraction residue (ER) from Xinghe lignite was subjected to ethanolysis at 300°C and the yield of ethanol-soluble portion (ESP) is 66.8wt% (daf). The ER was characterized by solid-state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry (SS 13C NMRS) and X-ray photoelectron spectrometry (XPS), while non-basic and basic heteroatom-containing species in the ESP were analyzed by negative- and positive-ion...
In this study, the effects of diisopropyl ether (DIPE)-gasoline (D10, D20, and D30) fuel blends on the performance, combustion, and emission characteristics of a spark ignition engine were investigated. In the study a four-stroke, four-cylinder multi-point fuel injection system (MPFI) engine with an eddy current dynamometer was used. The tests were performed at speeds between 1400rpm and 2800rpm under...
Oxidation and thermal stability (OTS) are key concerns for the development of alternative jet fuels, as they imply complex physical and chemical phenomena such as autoxidation, pyrolysis, cooxidation reactions and transfer-limitation. The OTS of an alternative aviation fuel was characterized using PetroOxy test from 120 to 160°C and JFTOT test at 325°C. The alternative jet fuel is a Synthetic Paraffinic...
Concerns over climate change are necessitating the need for alternative greener fuel. Biodiesel is widely considered to be a key contributor to alleviating this concern. At present the biodiesel sector faces a number of challenges including technical challenges such as improving the quality of biodiesel to match that of crude oil derived diesel. One of the key challenges in the quality arena is improving...
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